Improving Community Knowledge and Participation in Stunting Prevention through the HOPES Program at Kaliwates Primary Health Center, Jember
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31290/jidaman.v10i1.6381Keywords:
stunting, participatory approach, holistic integrativeAbstract
Stunting remains a major public health problem that affects not only children’s physical growth but also their cognitive, motor, and socioemotional development. This condition requires a comprehensive response through a holistic and integrative approach involving families, community health volunteers, health workers, and early childhood education providers. This community service program aimed to improve community knowledge and participation in stunting prevention and management through the HOPES Program in the working area of Kaliwates Primary Health Center, Jember. The program was implemented using a participatory approach consisting of preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. The target participants included families with stunted children, health cadres, preschool teachers, and health personnel. The intervention was delivered through health education, discussion sessions, training, and practical activities covering stunting, child growth and development stimulation, nutrition, sanitation, anemia, deworming, and the use of tools for early stimulation, detection, and intervention of child development. Program evaluation was conducted using pre test and post test questionnaires and participation observation sheets. The findings showed a significant increase in the mean knowledge score of participants from 60.1 ± 8.3 to 82.5 ± 6.9 with p < 0.001. The proportion of participants with a good level of knowledge increased from 20.0% to 80.0%, while active participation during the activities exceeded 80%. These findings indicate that a participatory approach based on holistic integrative services is effective in strengthening community capacity for stunting prevention and management. Similar programs should be sustained through cross sector collaboration at the primary health care level.
References
Abidah, S. N., & Novianti, H. (2020). The effect of growth and development stimulation education on the ability of early detection of growth and development in children aged 0–5 years by parents. Poltekita: Journal of Health Sciences, 14(2), 89–93. https://doi.org/10.33860/jik.v14i2.132
Destiana, R., Yani, E. R., & Yanuarini, T. A. (2017). Kemampuan ibu melakukan stimulasi untuk perkembangan bayi usia 3–6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Puhjarak Kabupaten Kediri. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 6(1), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.32831/jik.v6i1.155
Escher, N. A., Andrade, G. C., Ghosh-Jerath, S., Millett, C., & Seferidi, P. (2024). The effect of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions on the double burden of malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review. The Lancet Global Health, 12, e419–e432. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00562-4
Faridah, F., Anies, A., Kartasurya, M. I., & Widjanarko, B. (2024). Online educational intervention: Improving maternal knowledge and attitudes in providing developmental stimulation for stunting toddlers. Narra J, 4(1), e591. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.591
Haryanti, F., Hartini, S., Akhmadi, Andarwati, F., Risnawati, H., & Pratiwi, A. N. (2024). Maternal knowledge on nutritional-focused nurturing care and associated factors among women with stunted children aged 6–23 months in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. Belitung Nursing Journal, 10(4), 472–480. https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.3481
Jeong, J., Chi, H., Bliznashka, L., Pitchik, H. O., & Kim, R. (2025). Co-occurrence of stunting and off-track early child development in low- and middle-income countries. JAMA Network Open, 8(3), e2462263. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.62263
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2025, May 27). SSGI 2024: Prevalensi stunting nasional turun menjadi 19,8%. Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan.
Mbabazi, J., Pesu, H., Mutumba, R., Bromley, K., Ritz, C., Filteau, S., Briend, A., Mupere, E., Grenov, B., Friis, H., & Olsen, M. F. (2024). Correlates of early child development among children with stunting: A cross-sectional study in Uganda. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 20(2), e13619. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.13619
Mediani, H. S., Hendrawati, S., Pahria, T., Mediawati, A. S., & Suryani, M. (2022). Factors affecting the knowledge and motivation of health cadres in stunting prevention among children in Indonesia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 15, 1069–1082. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S356736
Morawska, A., Calam, R., & Fraser, J. (2015). Parenting interventions for childhood chronic illness: A review and recommendations for intervention design and delivery. Journal of Child Health Care, 19(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493513496664
Mustakim, M. R. D., Irwanto, Irawan, R., Irmawati, M., & Setyoboedi, B. (2022). Impact of stunting on development of children between 1–3 years of age. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 32(3), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v32i3.13
Prasetyo, Y. B., Permatasari, P., & Susanti, H. D. (2023). The effect of mothers’ nutritional education and knowledge on children’s nutritional status: A systematic review. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 17(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-023-00114-7
Quamme, S. H., & Iversen, P. O. (2022). Prevalence of child stunting in Sub-Saharan Africa and its risk factors. Clinical Nutrition Open Science, 42, 49–61.
Rezaeizadeh, G., Mansournia, M. A., Keshtkar, A., Farahani, Z., Zarepour, F., Sharafkhah, M., Kelishadi, R., & Poustchi, H. (2024). Maternal education and its influence on child growth and nutritional status during the first two years of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 71, 102574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102574
Roediger, R., Hendrixson, D. T., & Manary, M. J. (2020). A roadmap to reduce stunting. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 112(Suppl. 2), 773S–776S.
Shi, H., Li, X., Fang, H., Zhang, J., & Wang, X. (2020). The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a parenting intervention integrated with primary health care on early childhood development: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Prevention Science, 21(5), 661–671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-020-01126-2
Siswati, T., Iskandar, S., Pramestuti, N., Raharjo, J., Rubaya, A. K., & Wiratama, B. S. (2022). Impact of an integrative nutrition package through home visit on maternal and children outcome: Finding from locus stunting in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Nutrients, 14(16), 3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14163448
Siswati, T., Paramashanti, B. A., Iskandar, S., Pramestuti, N., Raharjo, J., Rubaya, A. K., & Wiratama, B. S. (2022). Effect of a short course on improving the cadres’ knowledge in the context of reducing stunting through home visits in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 9843. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169843
Sukmawati, S., Hermayanti, Y., Fadlyana, E., Maulana, I., & Mediani, H. S. (2025). Health cadres' experiences in detecting and preventing childhood stunting in Indonesia: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 25, 2987. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24192-z
Sutinbuk, D., Nugraheni, S. A., Rahfiludin, M. Z., & Setyaningsih, Y. (2024). Effectiveness of ERKADUTA model to increase stunting prevention behaviors among mothers with toddlers in Indonesia: A quasi-experiment. Narra J, 4(1), e688. https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.688
Sutriyawan, A., Kurniawati, R. D., Hanjani, R., & Rahayu, S. (2021). Prevalensi stunting dan hubungannya dengan sosial ekonomi. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(3), 351.
World Health Organization. (2025). Global nutrition targets 2030: Stunting brief. World Health Organization.
Zhong, J., He, Y., Gao, J., Wang, T., & Luo, R. (2020). Parenting knowledge, parental investments, and early childhood development in rural households in Western China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2792. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082792
