Efektivitas Modul Edukasi Self-Management dalam Pengendalian Asma pada Ibu Hamil

Abstract

Uncontrolled antenatal asthma risks triggering severe obstetric complications such as pre-eclampsia and fetal hypoxia, yet patient self-management education remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a Self-Management-Based Education Module on increasing health literacy, behavioral modification, and clinical asthma outcomes in pregnant women. Subjects and Method: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group design was conducted at Ardimulyo Health Center, Malang Regency. A sample of 60 pregnant women with asthma was selected via purposive sampling, divided into intervention (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Instruments included knowledge questionnaires, Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS), Asthma Control Test (ACT), and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR). Data were analyzed using Independent T-Test and Mann-Whitney U. Results: The intervention group showed significant improvements compared to the control group in knowledge scores (Δ +3.70; p < 0.001), MARS adherence behavior (Δ +7.5; p < 0.001), ACT clinical control (Δ +6.0; p < 0.001), and PEFR lung function (Δ +75.3 L/min; p < 0.001). The control group showed no significant clinical changes (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The self-management module intervention effectively improves health literacy and objective clinical asthma control in pregnant women. This module is suitable for integration into the Pregnant Women's Class within integrated Antenatal Care (ANC) services