Family Smoking Behavior and Bronchopneumonia in Toddlers at Sari Asih Hospital

Abstract

Bronchopneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity among children under five and is a significant public health concern. One key environmental risk factor is exposure to cigarette smoke within households, particularly from family members who smoke. Toddlers are especially vulnerable due to their immature immune systems and developing lung function. This study aimed to examine the relationship between family members’ smoking behavior and the incidence of bronchopneumonia among children under five at Sari Asih Ciledug Hospital. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used, involving 83 respondents selected through total sampling. Smoking behavior data were collected using structured questionnaires, while bronchopneumonia incidence was obtained from hospital medical records. Data were analyzed using univariate methods to describe respondent characteristics and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test to determine associations. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between family members’ smoking behavior and bronchopneumonia incidence in toddlers (p < 0.05). The Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) of 16.640 indicated that toddlers exposed to cigarette smoke had a much higher risk of developing bronchopneumonia compared to those not exposed. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining smoke-free home environments to protect children’s health.