Definisi dan Jalur Penularan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 atau COVID 19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31290/jpk.v9i1.1513Kata Kunci:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), Covid-19, Tranmisi, ReviewAbstrak
Sejak pertama kali terlaporkan pada akhir 2019 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 atau SARS CoV 2 atau COVID 19 telah menginfeksi lebih dari 2 juta orang hanya dalam waktu kurang dari 5 bulan diseluruh dunia. Berdasarkan data diatas penulis akan membuat review dan menjelaskan definisi dan juga berbagai rute penularan infeksi berdasarkan bukti yang telah dipublikasikan dan dirangkum. Review dilakukan pada April 2020, dengan menelusuri artikel melalui database daring dan kata kunci Review AND COVID 19 ATAU Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 AND Review ATAU Coronavirus Disease 2019 AND Review AND transmission route. SARS CoV 2 atau COVID 19 merupakan virus dari jenis beta coronavirus dengan tingkat penularan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan SAR CoV ataupun MERS. Jalur penularan antar manusia yang paling aktif adalah melalui kontak dekat droplet dan aerosol, meskipun demikian virus masih terdapat dalam tinja, air mata dan urin. Namun potensi penularan masih perlu dipelajari. Masa inkubasi virus adalah 0 sampai dengan 24 hari dengan rata rata dari gejala pertama hingga kematian adalah 3 sampai dengan 14 hari.
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